Note: This article requires the MATLAB Interface to Generic Dlls. No link is available, but if you know of one please let us know.
Introduction
A shared library is a collection of functions that are available for use by one or more applications running on a system. On Windows operating systems, the library is compiled into a dynamic link library (.dll) file. At run-time, the library is loaded into memory and made accessible to all applications.
The MATLAB Interface to Generic DLLs enables you to interact with functions in dynamic link libraries directly from MATLAB.
Dynamic link libraries are easily accessed by MATLAB through a command line interface. This interface gives you the ability to load an external library into MATLAB memory space and then access any of the functions exported from library. Although data types differ between the two language environments, in most cases, you can pass MATLAB types to the C functions without having to do the work of conversion. MATLAB does this for you.
This interface also supports libraries containing functions programmed in languages other than C, provided that the functions have a C interface.
To give MATLAB access to external functions in a shared library, you must first load the library into memory. Once loaded, you can request information about any of the functions in the library and call them directly from MATLAB. When the library is no longer needed, you will need to unload it from memory to conserve memory usage.
Loading the Library
To load a shared library into MATLAB, use the loadlibrary function. The syntax for loadlibrary is:
loadlibrary('your_dll', 'header_file')
where your_dll is the filename for the .dll library file, and header_file is the filename for the header file that contains the function prototypes.
Here is an example:
loadlibrary('MatlabGenericDll', 'GenericDll.h')
Unloading the Library
To unload the library and free up the memory that it occupied, use the unloadlibrary function. For example:
unloadlibrary MatlabGenericDll
Getting Information About the Library
You can use either of these two functions to get information on the functions available in a library that you have loaded:
libmethods('libname')
libmethodsview('libname')
The main difference is that libmethods displays the information in the MATLAB Command Window (and you can assign its output to a variable), and libmethodsview displays the information as a graphical display in a new window (figure 2). To see what functions are available in the MatlabGenericDll library, use libmethods, specifying the library filename as the only argument.
libmethods MatlabGenericDll
Invoking Library Functions
Once a library has been loaded into MATLAB, use the calllib function to call any of the functions from that library. Specify the library name, function name, and any arguments that get passed to the function:
calllib('libname', 'funcname', arg1, ..., argN)
Here is an example (demo project) to call Format dialog from MATLAB (See figure 1):
loadlibrary('MatlabGenericDll','GenericDll.h')
calllib('MatlabGenericDll', 'FormatDrive')
unloadlibrary MatlabGenericDll
For more information and instruction to setup this interface, refer to mathworks site or click here.
Enjoy!
