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That depends on your point of view. A PC keeps time using a Real Time Clock chip, which traditionally is a function built into the CMOS device on the motherboard that holds the basic settings for the system. I haven't kept up with recent changes in the industry, so that may have changed while I was sleeping. The RTC receives a clock signal directly from the system clock, and maintains a counter to keep track of real time.
Windows reads that clock at startup, but then keeps time internally using software interrupts at a reasonably high priority. But it does not always respond to those interrupts because of the pre-emptive nature of the beast; other processes sometimes have priority and cause updates to be missed. For that reason, a PC running Windows will, over time, lose time and display a time that is inaccurate. Rebooting will cause a reload of the true time and restore the display time.
If you need realtime clock information, you need to query the hardware, not the OS. I have no idea how to do that, unfortunately, since Windows deliberately makes it hard to access hardware directly, but it can be done, I'm sure.
"A Journey of a Thousand Rest Stops Begins with a Single Movement"
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Roger Wright wrote: Windows deliberately makes it hard to access hardware directly
True, but it can usually be handled via windows. For this case one can use WMI[^] scripting.
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Yes, why can't I?
I was stashing away some old photography backup zips last night. I could copy 4 of my ~ 7 GB backup zips to my external USB connected hard-drive when I got the error message "Cannot copy file. Not enough free space." (sort of)
But there are 120 GB free. Why is this?
--
Time you enjoy wasting is not wasted time - Bertrand Russel
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FAT32 has a 4 GB file size limit.
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Time you enjoy wasting is not wasted time - Bertrand Russel
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Johann Gerell wrote: FAT32 has a 4 GB file size limit.
No, as far as I know FAT32 only support 2Gb maximum file size. NTFS is maximum support 4Gb.
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Mekong River wrote: FAT32 only support 2Gb maximum file size
Not correct; it is 4GB-1 (see here[^]), however some tools can't get beyond 2GB-1 because they used int instead of unsigned int for dealing with file offsets and sizes.
Mekong River wrote: NTFS is maximum support 4Gb
Not correct; supporting much larger files was a primary reason to launch a new file system; see here[^].
Luc Pattyn
I only read code that is properly indented, and rendered in a non-proportional font; hint: use PRE tags in forum messages
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Dear Luc, I'm sorry for my mistake. I also review my book Windows XP resource kit[^] again and found that I made a mistake. I'm sorry again for this technical error.
Thank,
Mekong
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Yep, 32 bits, 4 gig adressing.
Morality is indistinguishable from social proscription
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Windows 2k?
Morality is indistinguishable from social proscription
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Hi, if I turn on desktop computer for one hours and turn on laptop for one hour, which one is consume more electricy? (I just turn on, not running any program).
Thank in advance!!!
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depends on the model of each.
use a meter, or try and estimate the heath or temperature difference for case or air outlet.
most likely the laptop will win, as power conservation is an important design goal for portable devices.
Luc Pattyn
I only read code that is properly indented, and rendered in a non-proportional font; hint: use PRE tags in forum messages
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Is it possible for me calculate how much the electricity is used by laptop or desktop in one hours?
Thank in advance!!!
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Mekong River wrote: Is it possible for me calculate ...
starting from what facts? you need either measurements or assumptions, unless there is something in the product spec you want to believe.
A typical laptop has an AC adapter capable of delivering some 100W; without a battery in the laptop, the adapter just feeds the laptop itself, again the idle dissipation is just a fraction of that (with the monitor included).
A typical desktop has a power supply capable of delivering some 500W; the idle dissipation of course is just a fraction of that (however the monitor is separate).
Luc Pattyn
I only read code that is properly indented, and rendered in a non-proportional font; hint: use PRE tags in forum messages
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Hi,
Has anyone heard of, or knows about a device which can provide a Time signal to either a Single Computer, or a small (Max 16) Local Network.
The idea is to keep the System Time under 'Lock and Key'. The idea being that it is probably not very Accurate, but, protected from interference, and, generally always giving Increased TimeStamps in Real Time.
Underlaying Problem:-
I developed a Package recording 'Real Time Cash Transactions'.
For Optimisation reasons, the package assumes certain records to be recorded in chronological order. This messed up Badly when a User inadvertedly moved the date forward by several months, Made a few Transactions, and then moved it back again. Typical Users would NOT have an Internet Connection to synchronise the Clock. I'm looking for a Network Connected Clock Device, from which I can read the Transaction Time, regardles of the Local System Time.
Thanks.
Bram van Kampen
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Bram van Kampen wrote: Has anyone heard of, or knows about a device which can provide a Time signal to either a Single Computer, or a small (Max 16) Local Network.
There are a number of websites that provide this service. Take a look at the Windows clock to see which one your PC uses. Here[^] is a site that has more information.
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Thanks for the hint.
Actually, I was looking for a piece of Hardware that can be used by users of my Software, who have NO Internet Connection at all. Strict Accuracy is far less important than the ability to provide a single timesource for the local network, which can be made tamper resistant by physically locking it in a cupboard in say, the managers office.
Bram van Kampen
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Bram van Kampen wrote: a single timesource for the local network
If you have a server on the LAN you should be able to use that. I'm not sure of the technical details of how to do it but I'm sure a Google search would come up with something.
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Hi,
You Don't seem to understand what I'm trying to achieve.
I am accutely aware that the server on the LAN can provide a Time Service. I also know How to use that service.
This is a Hardware Forum, So I am looking for links for a piece of Hardware, Probably the size of a packet of Cigarettes, NOT FOR ANOTHER COMPUTER!
I am looking, for my own specific reasons, for an Independent Hardware Timing Device, which can be read by software, but which CANNOT BE Set by Software interfacing with it.
Bram van Kampen
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I've never heard of one, nor can I really find annything like what you're looking for. Most LAN I've been on use a time reference external to the network to it can't be tampered with and setup appropriate permissions on the domain so no user can manipulate the system clocks. All time is sync'd up to the reference server which is the only device that can get the time from the external source.
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Bram van Kampen wrote: You Don't seem to understand what I'm trying to achieve.
You want a time reference that nobody can mess with.
Bram van Kampen wrote: This is a Hardware Forum, So I am looking for links for a piece of Hardware
Actually it's a Hardware & Devices forum. Any system that acts as a time server is, ultimately, a hardware device, even if it uses software to interface with.
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Schweitzer Electric Laboratories (www.selinc.com) makes a device that provides GPS time codes in IRIG format for just this purpose. Their market is the power industry, keeping devices in remote substations synchronized, but there's no reason that other industries can't use their stuff.
"A Journey of a Thousand Rest Stops Begins with a Single Movement"
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Thanks for the Reply.
This does not realy answer my question. For Starters, there is no specific requirement of accuracy, other than One day per Anum. What I'm realy looking for is a piece of hardware with the following spec:-
- The Time settings should NOT be able to be changed, other
than by keypad.
- Ability to run Entirely independent of any form of External Dataprovider.
- No Larger than say 200x100x50 Deep.
- Simple 16 key Numeric Keypad to set the time.
- Wired Network Connector to facilitate Software Time Queeries.
- Battery Backup, to maintain the time upon Mains powerfailure.
- Inability to be 'Set' through any Networking Port.
I am sort of amazed that a thing like this does not seem to exist.
Bram van Kampen
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Hi,
Thanks,
Found an Intermediate Solution.
-Bougtht a Very Very old PC with XP on it for £10.00 in a Car Boot Sale.(original Hardware Spec: Win95)
- Got Dumy Terminals so that it can fireup without keyboard or Monitor.
-Modified module config files so as to look for that computer for timestamps.
-Wiped Most of the User Programs, like MS Office, etc.
- Locked the thing in a Cabinet at the Users premises.
Works a dream! I had hoped however, that there would be an ethernet device or USB Device which would do this more elegantly.
Regards,
Bram van Kampen
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Hi,
Thanks,
Found an Intermediate Solution.
-Bougtht a Very Very old PC with XP on it for £10.00 in a Car Boot Sale.(original Hardware Spec: Win95)
- Got Dumy Terminals so that it can fireup without keyboard or Monitor.
-Modified module config files so as to look for that computer for timestamps.
-Wiped Most of the User Programs, like MS Office, etc.
- Locked the thing in a Cabinet at the Users premises.
Works a dream! I had hoped however, that there would be an ethernet device or USB Device which would do this more elegantly.
Regards,
Bram van Kampen
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how do i get code for CSMA/CD protocol with c#
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