How does window authentication work?

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what are the steps of authenticating the user when windows authentication is enabled in web application.

i am not able to get the request flow.

1.when we enable windows authentication and when request the url then a pop open and ask for credential. does popup open due to IIS response or DNS (how does client browser knows about this)?

2. Once we fill the windows details and submit this. does it goes to IIS and IIS validate it by self from domain controller or before going to iis DNS validate it by domail controller.

3 Does IIS have the information of domain controller?

please help .

i have very very introductory knowledge about LIKE

DNS we map domain and IP
and Domain controller maintain Active directory or user details.

What I have tried:

only read over

https://serverfault.com/questions/931220/iis-change-default-domain-controller-for-windows-authentication/933164#933164

Posted 25-Jan-20 11:47am

Siddharth Rai

Updated 25-Jan-20 12:19pm

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MadMyche · Accepted Answer · 2020-01-25T12:20:00

Windows Authentication and Authorization occurs within the IIS Pipeline via a Security Module.

The details of this are way too complicated for a "Quick Answer" forum; I would recommend that you do some more research on your own. Hopefully the following articles can help you understand what is going on. I would suggest you go through these in order before you go branching off

References:
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/323176/how-to-implement-windows-authentication-and-authorization-in-asp-net[^]

Introduction to IIS Architectures | Microsoft Docs[^]

HTTP Request Lifecycle Events in IIS Pipeline that every ASP.NET Developer Should Know | DotNetCurry[^]