Why not use the Fisher Iris dataset ? The question I would ask would be if that rather simple dataset really would "exercise" the algorithms you compare in ways that brought out their
relative performance, and capabilities.
If I were a member of the academic staff evaluating your research (unlucky you !), I would be looking at the qualitative research you did to select the
types of dataset(s) you worked with as being extremely important.
I would expect you to "defend" your choices by speaking knowledgeably about the history of the algorithms you test, about their known best- and worst- performance cases, and giving a solid explanation of how the datasets you chose are useful to compare clustering performance.
And, I'd be asking you questions like: "given a very large dataset to analyze with many possible factors: describe your choice of algorithms by cost($, CPU time), and demands for hardware resources (memory, data storage, bandwidth)."
You can find all kinds of datasets of every type on the web with just a little searching.
Here's a bunch: [
^].