If in doubt, start with Google:
stored procedure tutorial[
^] and do a similar thing for triggers - you will get about the same number of resources.
If you need to develop "logical thinking" first, then I'd suggest that you don't try to learn that using SQL: try C# (or even VB if you must) first: it's a lot easier to see what is goign on with a debugger in a .NET program than it is in an SQL query.